Mutual support groups whose members are individuals who have a substance use disorder or any of a number of behavioural addictions which are akin to substance-related disorders in clinical expression, brain origin, comorbidity, physiology and treatment. The groups meet in-person, by telephone or via the Internet; provide emotional support, information and resources to help those who participate modify their behaviour; and may include faith-based and secular 12-step groups as well as non-12 step groups.

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Programs that provide guidance and support in resolving personal, social or psychological problems through an interactive process that encourages patients to make maximum use of their assets, strengthen effective existing defenses while eliminating those that are maladaptive, gain insight into conscious or unconscious conflicts, modify their goals and make other decisions that will help them improve their personal and interpersonal functioning and deal effectively with troubling situations in their lives.

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