Programs within the formal education system or offered by outside agencies which utilize a variety of instruments to gather information about an individual's abilities, skills, understanding, knowledge, achievement, or educational, psychological or medical difficulties for the purpose of screening and selecting individuals for admission to an educational institution or program or for developing a plan of individualized instruction to help students who have exceptional needs overcome their learning problems.

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Programs that help prospective students study for major entrance examinations for colleges and universities, placement tests, examinations that are prerequisites for acceptance into graduate level programs, military entrance exams, civil service and other professional exams, citizenship tests and other standardized tests. The courses, which may be available via the Internet, usually focus on the content areas covered by the examination, the format of the specific test, and test-taking techniques that can be used to increase the individual's speed and confidence. Practice questions may be available as well as essay evaluation materials, where applicable.

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